tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-70374382636399400302024-03-08T11:13:48.793+07:00Free ArtclesFree Article which contains a variety of articlesAgung Riyantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13955237688229650297noreply@blogger.comBlogger82125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7037438263639940030.post-35951343868019482392015-06-01T14:08:00.000+07:002015-06-01T14:08:58.131+07:00Definition of Entrepreneurship<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<![endif]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Entrepreneurship is the people who are good or
talented identify new products, determine new ways of production, develop new
products to conduct operations, manage its operations and market
capitalization. Entrepreneurial leads to people doing business / activities
themselves with all the capabilities it has. While entrepreneurship refers to
the mental attitude of an entrepreneur who owned the conduct of business /
activities. Entrepreneurship viewed from existing resources within it is
someone who brings the resources of labor, materials, and other assets in a
combination that adds greater value than ever before and are also attached to
the people who bring about change, innovation, and new rules.<br />
<br />
Entrepreneurship in the sense of a dynamic process is a process of
entrepreneurship is the creation by adding value to something that is achieved
through hard work and time by estimating the funding support, physical and
social risks, and will receive a reward in the form of financial and personal
satisfaction and independence.<br />
<br />
Someone who did an important job to get attention by the local community. Main
attention is now also living the life and no longer borne by others including
parents. Doing something that is unpopular is one characteristic of young
children, many of which do business on the grounds just for fun or just for
fun. Starting from a hobby and pleasure, and began work on the business into
something more serious. By undergoing something of fun, it can be a boost to
the development of business.<br />
<br />
Although initially only done to satisfy the pent hobbies, unnoticed, the
pleasures of doing business is conducted can make money. Just for fun, but can Produce the money.<br />
<br />
Business done by young people in harnessing their potential is something
enviable. At a relatively young age of many that have been able to work to
support themselves. The youth work, be creative and full of fresh ideas, youth
is a pity if passed without any work whatsoever.<br />
<br />
Any attempted something like there would be risks. The greater the results to
be achieved, of the possible risks that would be experienced if too big to
fail. People who dare to take risks is a successful candidate. Do not be afraid
of failure, but failure to make it as a stepping stone to success.</span>Agung Riyantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13955237688229650297noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7037438263639940030.post-85113440879438595552013-07-11T10:19:00.000+07:002013-07-11T10:19:53.819+07:00Understanding Business Planning<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Planning is everything before the determination of the activities and the
activities to be implemented. Manager of business planning function includes
the selection of a variety of alternative goals, strategies, policies, and
tactics that will be executed. Clearly these efforts are making decisions that
affect the running of the company in times to come. This decision process
should be scientific, i.e.</span><br>
</div><a href="http://lookingforfree.blogspot.com/2013/07/understanding-business-planning.html#more">Read more »</a>Agung Riyantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13955237688229650297noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7037438263639940030.post-72327017702898026222013-07-05T10:46:00.001+07:002013-07-05T10:46:34.712+07:00Understanding of management and their functions<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<span class="hps"></span><span class="hps"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span>Management of the word comes from
Old French “ménagement”, which has the meaning of art implement and manage.
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The word probably comes from the management of Italian (1561) “maneggiare”
which means "control," especially "to control a horse" is
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This word gets “manège” influence of the French language meaning
"ownership horse "(which comes from the English language that means
the art of controlling a horse), Britain is also where the term comes from
Italian.</span><br>
</div><a href="http://lookingforfree.blogspot.com/2013/07/understanding-of-management-and-their.html#more">Read more »</a>Agung Riyantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13955237688229650297noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7037438263639940030.post-14308680842217705742013-06-17T09:44:00.001+07:002013-06-18T17:05:00.111+07:00Beware of hidden hunger for refugees<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<![endif]--><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">Natural</span></span><span class="longtextshorttext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">disasters such as </span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">tsunami, </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">floods</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">, earthquakes left a
deep sorrow for the whole region who experience it. Various problems arise such
disaster. Hundreds of thousands of human beings must live in refugee camps
since the storm swept away her home. They become totally dependent on help from
others to survive.</span></span><br>
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<span class="longtext">One of the serious problems commonly faced by increasing
numbers of refugees are malnourished. From the data in the malnourished
refugees in various locations, on average, an increase in the prevalence of
malnutrition by 20%.</span></span><br>
</div><a href="http://lookingforfree.blogspot.com/2013/06/beware-of-hidden-hunger-for-refugees.html#more">Read more »</a>Agung Riyantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13955237688229650297noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7037438263639940030.post-86839584226367687852013-06-11T10:20:00.000+07:002013-06-18T17:08:24.385+07:00Wedding Gift<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">We hear the familiar term 'Souvenir', because in our everyday lives would
intersect with this one. Wedding gift items or souvenirs are given as a token
of gratitude from the bride and her family for the presence of invited guests
at the wedding ceremony. Though small, but a wedding gift has significance in a
wedding reception. For this reason, almost no wedding without a wedding gift.
Various types of wedding souvenirs in the market ranging from key chains either
fiberglass material, clay, gypsum, purses, candle holders, decorative candles,
photo frames, bags, jewelry, and others.</span><br>
</div><a href="http://lookingforfree.blogspot.com/2013/06/wedding-gift.html#more">Read more »</a>Agung Riyantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13955237688229650297noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7037438263639940030.post-23596043657776449572013-05-29T10:12:00.000+07:002013-06-18T17:09:13.260+07:00The Beauty of Indonesia<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">Indonesia is an archipelago where most of Indonesia is widespread
throughout the oceans. Indonesia therefore has the potential for a great sea
include biological resources, mineral, and energy. With the potential of the
sea then we can use it for recreation and marine scientific investigations.</span></span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"></span><br>
</div><a href="http://lookingforfree.blogspot.com/2013/05/the-beauty-of-indonesia.html#more">Read more »</a>Agung Riyantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13955237688229650297noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7037438263639940030.post-9734414809048729982013-05-23T11:28:00.000+07:002013-05-23T11:28:06.082+07:00NATURAL COLOUR OF WOOD (Part III)<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Natural color of wood
can change rapidly due to several causes, either by extractive substances
contained therein as well as by influences from outside the timber. Examples of
mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) the color changed from pink or light red to
red brown quickly on a piece of wood fresh. This color change can lead to
defects in the wood color defects.</span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">
<span class="longtext">Another term often used is the discoloration.</span><br />
<span class="longtext"> </span><br />
<span class="longtext">Discoloration is caused by defective color color changes
which occur in wood caused by a variety of treatment without giving the dye.
There are five factors that cause the occurrence of staining, namely: the
influence of temperature and humidity, the process of oxidation, deposition of
pigment on the surface of the wood, the influence of the organism and in
contact with metal.</span><br />
<br />
<span class="longtext">The color of wood exposed to the atmosphere often darken
the wood and sapwood usually be darker than the wood paneling. These changes
usually occur in the natural chemical produced by the oxidation reactions of
organic components contained in the wood.</span><br />
<br />
<span class="longtext">The color change can occur immediately after trees felled
in the forest or wet after sawing logs into boards. Alder wood quickly changed
color from whitish to reddish, then fade to brown. Black locust wood porch
changed from light green to dark brown, while the Douglas fir becomes reddish.</span><br />
<span class="longtext"> </span><br />
<span class="longtext">Further stated also that the old wood exposed to sunlight,
especially in the high plains, changing its color to brown. While prolonged
exposure to rain or high humidity change the color of the wood becomes dark
gray.</span><br />
<span class="longtext"> </span><br />
<span class="longtext">Discoloration on teak (Tectona grandis Lf) caused by the
oxidation process of extractive substances in the wood. </span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><span class="longtext"><span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"><span class="hps">As well as the</span> <span class="hps">study of</span> <span class="hps">sugi</span> <span class="hps">wood</span> <span class="hps atn">(</span>Cryptomeria <span class="hps">japonica</span>).</span> From some research it is known that the use of
high temperatures in the drying of wood has caused the color change. This is
caused by the discharge of extractive substances contained in the timber to the
surface. As for the wood white or light colored wood and the sapwood, the
changes can be caused by fungal attack. Wood is attacked is usually a blue or
black. Generally, the wood was attacked while still in fresh condition with a
high water content.</span></span><br />
<br />
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<span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">Wood
from</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">older</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">trees</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">may</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">have</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">older color</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">(darker</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">) </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">when compared</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">with</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">the</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">wood from</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">younger</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">trees</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">of the same type</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">. </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">Dry</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">wood</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">in different colors</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">when compared</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">with the color of</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">wet</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">wood</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">. </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">Wood that</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">has</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">been stored</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">in the open</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">color</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">can be</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">darker</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">or lighter</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">than</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">fresh</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">wood</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">, </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">this</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">depends on the</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">circumstances</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hpsatn"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">(</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">weather, </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">wind</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">, </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">light</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">, and </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">so on</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">). </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">In general,</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">the color</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">of</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">a particular type of</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">wood</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">is not a</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">pure</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">color</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">, </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">but</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">color</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">is a</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">mixture</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">of</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">several</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">kinds of colors</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">, </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">so that</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">in</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">appearance</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">it is difficult</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">to</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">be expressed</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">precisely</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">in words</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">As
the</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">Giver
of</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">Extractive</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">Substances</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">Natural</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">Color</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">Wood</span></span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><br />
<br />
<span class="hps">The color of</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">wood</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">caused by a</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">material</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">that can be</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">extracted</span><span class="longtext">, </span><span class="hps">which</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">are called</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">extractive</span><span class="longtext">. </span><span class="hps">Extractive</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">is a chemical</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">in a</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">timber</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">that can be</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">dissolved
in</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">a neutral</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">solvent</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">such as</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">water</span><span class="longtext">, </span><span class="hps">ether</span><span class="longtext">, </span><span class="hps">alcohol</span><span class="longtext">, </span><span class="hps">benzene</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">and</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">acetone</span><span class="longtext">. </span><span class="hps">The
content of</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">extractive</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">in wood</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">varies</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">from less
than</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">1% to</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">more than 10</span><span class="longtext">%
</span><span class="hps">and can</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">reach</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">20%</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">for</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">tropical</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">timber</span><span class="longtext">. </span><span class="hps">Each type of</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">tree</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">contains one</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">or</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">several kinds of</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">extractive</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">substances</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">and</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">only a</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">few</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">species of
trees</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">that contain</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">all</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">extractive</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">substances</span><span class="longtext">.</span><br />
<br />
<span class="hps">Flavonoids</span><span class="longtext">, </span><span class="hps">stilbena</span><span class="longtext">, </span><span class="hps">tannins</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">and anthocyanins</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">is
a</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">class of</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">dye</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">wood</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">extractive</span><span class="longtext">. </span><span class="hps">Flavonoids</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">are compounds that</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">cause the</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">wooden</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">porch</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">of red,</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">yellow</span><span class="longtext">, </span><span class="hps">brown</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">or blue</span><span class="longtext">. </span><span class="hps">Polyphenols</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">and</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">tannins</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">in the</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">wood</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">broad leaves</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">have
a great contribution</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">to the</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">color of</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">wood</span><span class="longtext">, </span><span class="hps">especially</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">wooden</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">color</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">terraces</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">and</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">in</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">the past</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">few</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">broad leaves</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">of
wood</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">used as</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">dyes</span><span class="longtext">. </span><span class="hps">Phenolic</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">contained
in a</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">wooden</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">porch</span><span class="longtext">, </span><span class="hps">and a little</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">skin</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">in</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">the</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">xylem</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">has a function</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">as a</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">fungicide</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">and in
addition it</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">also serves to</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">enhance the</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">staining</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">of wood</span><span class="longtext">.</span><br />
<br />
<span class="hps">Extractive</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">substances</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">is influenced</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">by</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">growth conditions</span><span class="longtext">. </span><span class="hps">For example</span><span class="longtext">, differences </span><span class="hps">in</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">walnut</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">color</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">from</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">different
geographical</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">locations</span><span class="longtext">, </span><span class="hps">related to</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">soil properties</span><span class="longtext">. </span><span class="hps">Extractive</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">chemical</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">differences</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">allow</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">to distinguish</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">between types</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">of wood</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">or</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">made</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">of</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">wood</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">staining</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">colorless</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">terrace</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">with the
application</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">of chemical</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">substances</span><span class="longtext">. </span><span class="hps">Some of the</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">wood</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">such as</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">black</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">locust</span><span class="longtext">, honey </span><span class="hps">locust</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">and</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">some</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">tropical</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">wood</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">species</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">have</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">fluorescent</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">for</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">extractive</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">substances</span><span class="longtext">.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">Color</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">As</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">One Of</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">Wood</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">Identification</span></span><span class="longtext"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span></span><span class="hps"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">Tool</span></span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><br />
<br />
<span class="hps">To know</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">the
properties</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">of wood</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">can be used</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">either</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">coarse</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hpsatn">(</span><span class="longtext">macroscopic
</span><span class="hps">properties</span><span class="longtext">) </span><span class="hps">as well as</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">structural
properties</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hpsatn">(</span><span class="longtext">microscopic </span><span class="hps">properties</span><span class="longtext">). </span><span class="hps">Included in</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">this</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">is the</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">rough</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">nature of</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">color</span><span class="longtext">, </span><span class="hps">luster,</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">smell</span><span class="longtext">, </span><span class="hps">taste</span><span class="longtext">, </span><span class="hps">texture</span><span class="longtext">, </span><span class="hps">fiber</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">and</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">figures</span><span class="longtext">. </span><span class="hps">While the</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">nature of</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">the
observed</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">structure</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">consisting</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">of</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">pores</span><span class="longtext">, </span><span class="hps">parenchyma</span><span class="longtext">,
</span><span class="hps">the radius</span><span class="longtext">, </span><span class="hps">inter cellular</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">channels</span><span class="longtext">, </span><span class="hps">lymph</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">channels</span><span class="longtext">, </span><span class="hps">and</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="longtext"></span><span class="hps">skin</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">inserted.</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">Physical properties</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">can be determined</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">directly</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">by</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">the senses</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">without having to</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">use</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">the tools</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">on the
contrary</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">nature of the</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">structure</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">usually use</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">aids</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">in the form of</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">a magnifying glass</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">with</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">magnification of</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">10
times</span><span class="longtext">.</span><br />
<br />
<span class="hps">Colors</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">characterize</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">the</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">various</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">types of
wood</span><span class="longtext">, </span><span class="hps">but it is</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">a trait</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">that</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">is difficult</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">to describe</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">with words</span><span class="longtext">. </span><span class="hps">In one</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">species</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">there may be differences</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">and</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">changes</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">due to</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">exposure</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">or</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">as</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">a</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">treatment</span><span class="longtext">. </span><span class="hps">Usually the color</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">is expressed</span><span class="longtext">
</span><span class="hps">visually</span><span class="longtext">, </span><span class="hps">but can</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">also</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">be measured</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">technically</span><span class="longtext">.</span><br />
<br />
<span class="hps">If</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">we</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">want to</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">use color</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">for
identification</span><span class="longtext">, </span><span class="hps">then the</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">color</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">used is</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">wood</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">paneling</span><span class="longtext">. </span><span class="hps">Wood color</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">sapwood</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">usually</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">less real</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">or</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">less</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">typical</span><span class="longtext">, so </span><span class="hps">less</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">is diagnostic</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">for the introduction of</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">wood</span><span class="longtext">. </span><span class="hps">The color of</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">wood
into</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">a</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">value that is important</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">for</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">identification</span><span class="longtext">. </span><span class="hps">For
example</span><span class="longtext">, </span><span class="hps">ebony</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">wood</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">has</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">the typical</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">black</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">color</span><span class="longtext">. </span><span class="hps">To
determine</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">the exact</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">color</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">can</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">be used</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">Spectrophotometer</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">instrument</span><span class="longtext">. </span><span class="hps">This tool</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">can</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">reflect</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">light from</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">a
number of</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">different</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">wood</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">surfaces</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">using
ultraviolet light</span><span class="longtext">.</span><br />
<br />
<span class="hps">Further</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">stated</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">also that</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">often</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">there is a</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">striking</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">range of colors</span><span class="longtext">, followed </span><span class="hps">by</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">a variety of</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">other</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">colors</span><span class="longtext">, </span><span class="hps">so it</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">is difficult</span><span class="longtext">
</span><span class="hps">to</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">split
up</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">individually.</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">Due to</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">the nature of</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">color</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">is easily</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">changeable</span><span class="longtext">, </span><span class="hps">then
the</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">use of</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">wood</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">in the</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">identification
of</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">a</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">secondary</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">color</span><span class="longtext">, </span><span class="hps">so it</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">should be used with</span><span class="longtext"> </span><span class="hps">caution.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span class="hps"><i><b>To be continued.... </b></i></span></span></div>
Agung Riyantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13955237688229650297noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7037438263639940030.post-49424898749334394092013-05-07T16:32:00.000+07:002013-05-07T16:33:05.225+07:00NATURAL COLOUR OF WOOD (Part I)Wood has been used for various purposes by human beings since time immemorial. With a variety of uses, the wood still exist until today. Unlimited use of wood for household appliances (interior), but is also used for exterior purposes, e.g for the manufacture of the bridge. Meanwhile, with its colors and decorative patterns, some type of wood used to make objects of high artistic value.<br />
<br />
As with other objects, the natural color of wood can be very interesting. People liked the teak wood such as strength and durability in addition to the already well-known is also because of the color and the s type. Some people like wood with bright colors, some are more like a darker-colored wood. But not a few who like both.<br />
<br />
Color selection becomes very personal because it can express one's personal. Color is something that is unique because it can change the feel of the environment, creating a certain style, set the mood and alter perceptions. The color of the wood gives the characteristics for various types and is highly dependent on extractive substances it contains, though often difficult to express in words. This is because not only consist of one color but a blend of several colors.<br />
<br />
Wood has a high decorative value caused by the color, type of fiber and pictures in wood. Furniture made of wood like this are usually given a transparent color to display its natural beauty. While the furniture or other equipment made of wood that do not have the color and pattern of interest, will be given a specific color in the finish resulting in better color. Often also objects or equipment that is not made of wood made as if made of wood by giving a certain finish so that it becomes similar to the color and pattern of certain wood.<br />
<br />
Wood has natural colors vary widely. Generally, wood-colored sapwood younger or lighter than the wooden porch. While the wooden porch has more color variations, mainly brown with various shades. Because the color of the wood patio wood is usually preferred over the pig. Some types of wood are given special treatment such as soaking or vapor given to darken the color.<br />
<br />
Wood color ranges from nearly white to black, some are plain and some are composed of two or more colors, so it looks like there s type. Pattern that existed at a particular type of wood can be caused by:<br />
<br />
1. Color difference between early wood and late wood of the circumference grows.<br />
<br />
2. Color difference network.<br />
<br />
3. Staining intensity differences in the layers of wood formed in a different time period. On the ebony wood for example, there are layers of red-brown or brown and there are layers of black. In the radial and tangential field will appear as lines of red and black color turns brown.<br />
<br />
<i><b>To be continued... </b></i>Agung Riyantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13955237688229650297noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7037438263639940030.post-27745548947328950572012-01-04T09:29:00.000+07:002012-01-04T09:29:34.403+07:00Beware of the dangers of narcotics & drugs<div style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; text-align: justify;">Cases of abuse of narcotics and other additives in the last year increased sharply. At first glance, the use of narcotics and drug abuse occur evenly in all circles the community. From the top to street children, especially among teenagers and students.<br />
<br />
In Hawaii and the United methamphetamine known as “ice”, in Korea and Philippines called “glass”, while in Japan known as “Shabu”. The term used for the amphetamine group of drugs that are have structural limitations in clinical use but are very potential to be toxic addiction and misused. Betafenilisopropilamin class is the basic form of the class of amphetamines and was first synthesized in 1887<br />
<br />
Amphetamine widely used clinically for the treatment of narcolepsy, Attention Defict Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD), and obesity. But the efficacy and safety are still controversial in some countries and its use is prohibited.<br />
<br />
For narcolepsy recommended dose is between 20-60 mg / day. In ADHD doses ranged from 2.5 to 40 mg / day. While on obesity, amphetamine often lead to addiction and abuse. In a short time clearly suppress appetite, but if there will be a long-term tolerance to the effects of anorexia.<br />
<br />
Amphetamine is a powerful stimulant to the central nervous system by the action of alpha and beta adrenergic receptors in peripheral sympathomimetic drugs mimic indirect. In the central nervous amphetamine stimulates the cerebral cortex, striatum, limbic system and brain stem.<br />
<br />
In humans with small or moderate doses (5-15mg) will affect the central nervous system with symptoms:<br />
- Increased vigilance<br />
- Increased locomotor activity<br />
- Improve mood<br />
- Lowering of appetite<br />
- Euphoria<br />
<br />
On the use of a single high dose (> 20-30 mg) or continuous use of small doses over several days amphetamine can induce a state of toxic psychosis characterized by:<br />
- Thought delusional<br />
- Hallucinations hear<br />
<br />
These symptoms are closely associated with an acute paranoid schizophrenic.<br />
<br />
On the use of high dose will cause:<br />
- Convulsions<br />
- Movement of stereotyped<br />
- Psychosis </div>Agung Riyantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13955237688229650297noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7037438263639940030.post-34781741159000373882011-12-20T09:17:00.000+07:002011-12-20T09:17:23.469+07:00Preservation of fruits with BEESWAX<div style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; text-align: justify;">The fruits have an important role as a source of vitamins, minerals, and other nutritional adequacy of nutrition support. Bananas, for example, is one of the fruit contains a lot of carbohydrates and vitamin C. Similarly, citrus fruit and pear is a good source of vitamins and minerals which are quite good.<br />
<br />
Not bear fruit kept longer and is also very susceptible to decomposition when people generally prefer to eat fresh fruit that is still in its original form.<br />
<br />
Once harvested the fruit carries metabolic activity including respiration and transpiration. Respiration and transpiration activity will result in loss of substrate and water in the fruit until the fruit weight decreased. Respiratory activity can also lead to decrease vitamin C in fruit because ascorbic acid is very sensitive to oxidation. Further respiratory activity also resulted in soluble solids in fruit growing due to the accumulation of starch metabolism of glucose results.<br />
<br />
One way to maintain the quality and freshness of the fruit is a layer of wax. Wax coating on the surface to prevent evaporation of water so it can slow withering away, inhibiting respiration rate, and polish the skin to increase the attractiveness of fruit for consumers. Wax coating and the thickness of the appropriate concentrations can prevent aerobic conditions in the fruit and provide the necessary protection against cuts and scratches on the surface of the fruit.<br />
<br />
Several conditions need to wax as coating materials, among others: do not affect the smell and taste the fruit is coated, easy to dry, not fragile, shiny and smooth, does not produce a thick surface, low in cost, and non-toxic.<br />
<br />
Beeswax are one of unexpected sources meet these requirements. Beeswax is a stable chemical nature of the melting point revolves around 61-690C, 200C gravity at around 0.96 and insoluble in water and slightly soluble in cold alcohol</div><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"> </span>Agung Riyantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13955237688229650297noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7037438263639940030.post-620215780376579112011-12-10T11:44:00.000+07:002011-12-10T11:44:00.579+07:00Not just a regular profession<div style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; text-align: justify;">Discussion of criteria for a profession is an important discussion, because by knowing the criteria for a profession we can measure the extent to which an area of expertise can be said as a profession. By knowing the position of the profession, we can find out shortcomings and-Things are problems faced by the profession.<br />
<br />
A profession has basically the framework of knowledge, skill framework of values and a systematic framework. Framework of knowledge, values and skills are taught through formal education. This is what distinguishes a profession with non-professional<br />
<br />
1. Knowledge Framework (Body of Knowledge)<br />
<br />
<div class="almost_half_cell" id="gt-res-content"><div dir="ltr" style="zoom: 1;"><span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"><span class="hps">In providing</span> <span class="hps">services to</span> <span class="hps">clients should</span> <span class="hps">use the</span> <span class="hps">scientific</span> <span class="hps">knowledge</span> <span class="hps">that has been</span> <span class="hps">verified</span></span>. Knowledge is generally produced from research or practice that has been tested for accuracy and truth</div></div><br />
2. Value Framework (Body of Value)<br />
<br />
The concept much discussed in the literature value of the work, because the value has a profound influence in carrying out the work practices. Job in carrying out his duties affected by the values.<br />
<br />
The source value of the work can basically be grouped into:<br />
<br />
a. Values of society </div><div style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; text-align: justify;">Work practices are always based on community values, because the profession of work to get the mission to implement most of the functions of society.<br />
<br />
b. Code of Conduct<br />
Code of Conduct is the formulation of guidance about behavior that is considered good and which need to be shown by members of the profession in carrying out his duties.<br />
<br />
c. Agency Purpose<br />
Workers should follow the rules that apply in the institution where the worker is working.<br />
<br />
d. Theory<br />
The theory is considered good if it can function as a value. Any theory of a profession have value.<br />
<br />
3. Skills Framework (Body of skill)<br />
<br />
Profession not only discusses theory but rather related to the implementation or practice. Application of a theory or knowledge needed skills, so that every profession should require skill. Skill is a blend of Body of Knowledge and the Body of value. Skills is an important component in the framework of reference work. Because skills in principle is a tool to integrate the knowledge and value framework. </div>Agung Riyantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13955237688229650297noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7037438263639940030.post-30688235526457746422011-12-02T17:07:00.000+07:002011-12-02T17:07:45.595+07:00How to Measure The Quality of Marriage?<div style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; text-align: justify;">Marital quality is closely connected with the concept of 'good marriage'. Measurement of marital quality may be through:<br />
<br />
Happiness In Marriage (Marital Happiness).<br />
<br />
Components of marital quality is the most widely used gauges. This concept refers to the feelings experienced by a person in her marriage. Happiness is a difficult concept is understood that no one can balance between the 'happiness' and 'unhappiness'. This difficulty is caused because it was dealing with complex emotions within oneself.<br />
<br />
Satisfaction In Marriage (Marital Satisfaction).<br />
<br />
The second component is to measure the quality of marriage through marital satisfaction experienced by the couple. This concept refers to the desires, hopes, and desires of each individual are met in a marriage. This component as a comprehensive assessment of an individual is subjective.<br />
<br />
Adjustment In Marriage (Marital Adjustment).<br />
<br />
This concept used to assess a comprehensive marriage. It used to assess how an individual look at his partner. Adjustments in marriage should be viewed from two different aspects. First, as a process and secondly as a way to judge a marriage. Both are seen as a continuum that moves, starting from the side that can not adapt and end on the side of how an individual can adjust to their partner.<br />
<br />
Instability In Marriage (Marital instability).<br />
<br />
The final component of the quality of the marriage is marital instability, which is defined as a form of a tendency to make the divorce as a way out of problems encountered. This concept consists of two components, namely the cognitive and behavior. Cognitively, married couples who have an idea that marriage is something that complicate and often thought about divorce. When a component's behavior can be seen in the form of actions such as: talk to friends about the divorce, seeking advice and assistance of lawyers, religious leaders, and counselors about how to divorce or marriage possibilities to deal with divorce. </div>Agung Riyantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13955237688229650297noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7037438263639940030.post-81414587109202765182011-11-29T09:37:00.000+07:002011-11-29T09:37:16.946+07:00Early Prevention of Malnutrition<div style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; text-align: justify;">Today has been a lot of problems of nutritional deficiency can be overcome. Nevertheless there are still some countries which still is a problem and require greater attention, namely the problem of micro nutrient deficiency, such as iodine, iron and vitamin A.<br />
<br />
Malnutrition at an early age have an adverse impact on adulthood that is manifested in physical form are smaller with lower productivity levels. The impact of malnutrition at an early age becomes increasingly important when consider analysis of existing data. The results strengthen the hypothesis that analysis of the prevalence of malnutrition at an early age to the onset of degenerative diseases in adulthood that is precisely the productive age.<br />
<br />
Malnutrition in childhood is always associated with a deficiency of specific vitamins and minerals, which are associated with certain micro nutrients. In recent years increasing attention to the consequences of micro nutrient deficiencies, starting from the increased risk of infectious disease and death that can inhibit growth and mental development.<br />
<br />
The consequences of micro nutrient deficiencies during childhood are very dangerous. Iron deficiency can impair mental and motor development of children and also cause anemia. Zinc deficiency can also impair growth and increase the risk of diarrhea and respiratory infections. Given the high prevalence of deficiencies of certain nutrients as well as negative effects, the supplementation of nutrients such as iron and zinc in children will be very useful, especially because it is practically difficult to raise adequate nutrients from the diet of babies around for this. <span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"><span class="hps">Some of the</span> <span class="hps">foods given</span> <span class="hps">to infants</span> <span class="hps">and</span> <span class="hps">children tend to</span> <span class="hps">inhibit</span> <span class="hps">iron</span> <span class="hps">absorption</span> <span class="hps">such as</span> <span class="hps">phytic acid</span> <span class="hps">and</span> <span class="hps">zinc</span> <span class="hps">contained in</span> <span class="hps">grains and</span> <span class="hps">dairy</span> <span class="hps">cows</span> <span class="hps">that can reduce the</span> <span class="hps">absorption</span> <span class="hps">of iron</span> <span class="hps">and</span> <span class="hps">zinc</span></span>.<br />
<br />
Specific micro nutrient supplementation always have obstacles and barriers. Nutritional needs of children aged 6-24 months increased with the rapid growth of the child. While breast's milk and eating a poor child can not meet those needs. It would require an alternative to meet the shortfall, that is by way of supplementation of certain substances that can help growing children.<br />
<br />
In several countries have done some research on Zn and Fe supplementation. Several studies showed that zinc supplementation can reduce infectious diseases (diarrhea and cough) and increase the growth of children. </div>Agung Riyantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13955237688229650297noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7037438263639940030.post-59918681950959627152011-11-25T13:02:00.000+07:002011-11-25T13:02:16.790+07:00The Benefits of Execlusive Breastfeeding for Infants<div style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; text-align: justify;">1. As a nutrition<br />
<br />
Each mammals are naturally prepared to have a pair or more of the milk glands. At birth the milk glands to produce milk for baby food. Breastfed infants gained during the process of breastfeeding will meet the nutritional needs of infants so as to support cognitive development.<br />
<br />
2. Increase endurance baby<br />
<br />
Infants who are still in the womb, are naturally going to get Immunoglobulin (immune substances) from the mother through the umbilical cord. However, levels of this substance will rapidly decline after the baby is born. The new baby's body makes enough antibodies to reach protective levels at aged 9 to 12 months. At levels of innate immune substances decreased, while that formed by the baby's body then there is not enough substance in the baby gap. The gap will disappear or be reduced if infants were given breast milk, because milk is a fluid that contains antibodies that will protect infants from infectious diseases, viruses, parasites, and fungi.<br />
<br />
3. Improve intelligence<br />
<br />
Development of intelligence is closely related to brain growth. There are two factors that affect intelligence. Genetic factors and environmental factors.<br />
<br />
a. Genetic or congenital factors determine the potential genetic or congenital inherited by parents. This factor can not be manipulated or engineered.<br />
<br />
b. Environmental factors are the factors that determine whether genetic factors will be achieved at an optimum. This factor has many aspects and can be manipulated or engineered.<br />
<br />
In addition to the above major factors that affect brain growth of infants and children is a nutrient or nutrients it receives. The most rapid brain development<br />
occurred at the age of 0-2 or 3 years, in which brain volume will reach 80%.<br />
<br />
Therefore, breastfeeding is needed at this time. Although the brain has undergone rapid development during this period, it does not mean that the development of the brain just stop there. The volume of the brain will continue to grow until the age of 12 years. The best nutrition for babies is breast milk for brain development in which are LC-PU FA. Two types of LC-PU FA that is needed for the development of the infant brain is DHA (Docosahexaenoic acid) as one type of omega-3 fatty acids and AA (arachidonic acid) as one type of omega-6 fatty acids.<br />
<br />
4. Increase compassion<br />
<br />
Babies are often located in the arms of his mother for breastfeeding mothers will feel the love. He will also feel safe and secure, especially as it still can hear the heartbeat of his mother he has known since the womb. Feeling protected and cherished is the basis for emotional development of infants and establish a confident personality and a good spiritual foundation.<br />
<br />
5. Basic personality development of children<br />
<br />
Breastfed babies will strengthen the mother-child bond. Sense of security in the baby will grow when he was in his mother's arms. He enjoys a touch of soft leather and hear the heart of the mother as she had known during the pregnancy. These conditions are the basis for the development of warm emotions in children. Through the process of breastfeeding, the child will learn to share and give love to those around him. </div>Agung Riyantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13955237688229650297noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7037438263639940030.post-6503425325571023902011-11-23T11:17:00.000+07:002011-11-23T11:17:29.609+07:00The Benefits of Exclusive Breastfeeding<div style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; text-align: justify;">The basis of quality human capital formation begins as a baby in the womb, along with breastfeeding (breast milk) from an early age about 30 minutes after birth, especially exclusive breastfeeding is giving only breast milk to babies from birth to age 6 months or at least until age 4 the month.<br />
<br />
Breast milk is an ideal source of nutrition with a balanced composition and tailored to the needs of the growing baby. For infants, breast milk is the most perfect food, both quality and quantity. Besides breast milk also contains immune substances which are very important in preventing the onset of various diseases, are also able to increase the inner intimacy between mother and child who desperately needed in the future.<br />
<br />
Breast milk is unique to infants because of their chemical composition, has a specific biological value, and has the specific substance. The third trait is exactly what distinguishes breast milk with formula milk. The composition of breast milk vary with the composition of cow's milk, because dairy cows adapted to the growth rate of calves and milk is adjusted to the rate of growth of a human child. Breast milk contains more than 200 constituents, such as albumen, fat, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, growth factors, hormones, enzymes, antibodies and white blood cells.<br />
<br />
With proper management of breastfeeding, breast milk foods will be sufficient to meet the needs of a single normal infants until the age of 6 months. According to research, children who are not breastfed have IQ (Intellectual Quotient) over seven to eight points lower than children who were breastfed exclusively.<br />
<br />
Exclusive breastfeeding is breastfeeding the baby for 6 months without any other liquid materials such as infant formula, sugar water, honey water, or plain water without any food additives are also other woods such as bananas, biscuits or milk porridge. According to the Institute of medicine, defined as consumption of exclusively breastfed babies will breast milk without supplements of any kind (water, juice, food in any form) except for vitamins, minerals, and treatment.<br />
<br />
Exclusive breastfeeding is breastfeeding as early as possible after delivery, provided no timetable and no other food was given, although only water until the baby is six months old. </div>Agung Riyantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13955237688229650297noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7037438263639940030.post-91592035011402867412011-11-19T10:54:00.000+07:002011-11-19T10:54:01.545+07:00The Benefits of Exclusive Breastfeeding for Mother<div style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; text-align: justify;">1. Reducing bleeding after childbirth<br />
<br />
If the baby is breastfed immediately after birth so the likelihood of bleeding after delivery will be reduced. When the baby is sucking the mother's nipple, pituitary gland will be stimulated to increase production of the hormone oxytocin to stimulate contractions of the muscles in the breast milk so the milk line radiated out. This is because in breastfeeding mothers increased levels of oxytocin which is useful for blood vessel constriction or closure more quickly so that the bleeding will stop.<br />
<br />
2. Reduce the occurrence of anemia<br />
<br />
When postpartum hemorrhage did not occur or stop sooner, then the risk of blood deficiency causing anemia in the mother will be reduced. Cessation of bleeding after delivery will reduce the risk of death and blood deficiency causing anemia in the mother.<br />
<br />
3. Spacing pregnancies<br />
<br />
Other benefits of exclusive breastfeeding is a natural contraceptive that can prevent pregnancy. The possibility to prevent pregnancy can reach 99%. However, there are three conditions that must be met, the baby has not fed the other, not yet six months old baby, and mother has not menstruate.<br />
<br />
4. Shrink the uterus<br />
<br />
Oxytocin levels increased breastfeeding mothers will greatly help the uterus return to pre-pregnancy size. This reduction process will be faster compared with mothers who did not breastfeed. With breastfeeding, maternal fat reserves that is prepared as an energy source will be used during pregnancy as the milk-forming energy. As a result, the fat reserves will shrink, so the mother's weight loss will happen more quickly.<br />
<br />
5. More quickly slim back<br />
<br />
Breastfeeding requires then the body will take energy from the fat accumulated during pregnancy. Thus, mothers who breast-feeding weight will quickly return to pre-pregnancy weight.<br />
<br />
6. Reduce the likelihood of suffering from cancer<br />
<br />
In women who are exclusively breastfed, the possibility of suffering from breast and ovarian cancer is reduced. Some research suggests that breastfeeding would reduce the likelihood of breast cancer. In general, if all women can continue to breastfeed until the baby is 2 years old or older, suspected breast cancer incidence was reduced to 25%.<br />
<br />
7. More economical / cheap<br />
<br />
With the benefits of breastfeeding means saving expenditures for infant formula, breastfeeding supplies, preparation of formula milk to drink. In addition, breast-feeding also saves baby's expenses for medical treatment, such as the cost of physician services, the cost of purchasing drugs, perhaps even the cost of hospital care.<br />
<br />
8. No hassle and time saving<br />
<br />
Milk may be given to the baby without having to prepare or cook water, also without having to wash bottles, and without waiting for the milk is not too hot. Bottle feeding would be more troublesome, especially at night.<br />
<br />
9. Portable and practical<br />
<br />
Easy to carry anywhere (portable), so the move does not need to carry a variety of tools to drink formula and not have to carry an electric appliance to cook or warm milk. Milk can be given anywhere and anytime in a state ready to eat / drink, as well as the temperature is always right.<br />
<br />
10. Provide satisfaction for the mother<br />
<br />
Mothers who had exclusive breastfeeding will feel a deep satisfaction and happiness. Sense of pride and happiness because it can give something of himself for the sake of her baby (breastfeeding) will strengthen the inner relationship between mother and baby. </div>Agung Riyantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13955237688229650297noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7037438263639940030.post-31557222744370087042011-11-18T09:32:00.000+07:002011-11-18T09:32:00.433+07:00The Myths of Exclusive Breastfeeding<div style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; text-align: justify;">Many myths about breastfeeding makes the mother became less confident to breastfeed their babies. Myth was not reasonable and makes the mother becomes chose to stop breastfeeding and formula feeding choose as an alternative. <br />
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These myths were:<br />
<br />
1. Breastfeeding causes difficulty losing weight<br />
<br />
The data prove that breastfeeding can help mothers lose weight more quickly than those not breast feed exclusively. For the feeding of fat deposits that occur during pregnancy will be used in the process of breastfeeding, while women who do not breastfeed will be difficult to eliminate fat deposits that specifically prepared the body for breastfeeding.<br />
<br />
2. Breastfeeding change the shape of the breast<br />
<br />
Actually the change of the breasts is a pregnancy, not breastfeeding. Pregnancy causes the release of hormones and cause the formation of water that fills the breast milk. Breast that had been occupied by the milk, would be differently shaped breasts that have never filled milk. Magnitude of change in breast shape depends on the derivative of (hereditary), age, and also by the weight gain during pregnancy.<br />
<br />
3. Breast milk has not come out on the first days that need to be supplemented with formula. </div><div style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; text-align: justify;"></div><div style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; text-align: justify;">On the first day the baby is actually not require liquid or food, so it has not required formula feeding breast milk or other liquid prior to exit (prenatal liquid feeding). Babies age of 30 minutes should be given breast milk, not for nutrition but to learn to breastfeed or get used to suck the nipple, and also to prepare mothers to produce milk. Movement reflex to suck in the newborn will peak at age 20 - 30 minutes, so that in case of late lactation, this reflex will be reduced and no longer stronger until several hours later.<br />
<br />
Giving prenatal feeding was not really necessary, because it would harm the mother, the mother's breast milk will be slower formation because the baby is not strong enough to suck and hurt the baby because the baby will not receive colostrum. If your baby gets little or no colostrum, will more often suffer from diarrhea or other illnesses, especially if the infant formula or other liquids contaminated prenatal. Besides, if it is given by the dot prenatal fluids, likely the baby will have difficulty taking on the nipple.<br />
<br />
4. Working mothers not to breast feed exclusively<br />
<br />
At a working mother, another way to still be able to breastfeed her baby exclusively on breast milk is by giving to the baby during the mother's work. During the mothers in the workplace, better breast milk milked a minimum of 2 x 15 minutes. Expressing breast milk should only be using your fingers, do not use a trumpet-shaped pump. Dairy milk stand 6-8 hours in the air outside, 24 hours in a flask containing ice cubes, 48 hours in the refrigerator, and 3 months when in the freezer. With the help of "Mother Friendly Workplace", which allows an employee workplace breastfeeding exclusively, the success of working mothers for exclusive breastfeeding will become even greater.<br />
<br />
5. Small breasts do not produce enough milk<br />
<br />
Large or small breast form does not determine much or at least milk production, because only large breasts contain more fatty tissue than small breasts. While breast milk is formed by forming glandular breast tissue (alveoli) and not fat tissue.<br />
<br />
6. The first breast milk should be thrown out because of gross<br />
<br />
Milk that comes out on day 1 to day 5 and day-to-7 is called colostrum. This yellowish clear fluid containing albumen, or high levels of protein, anti-infective agents, or immune substances (immunoglobulins), in levels higher than in mature milk, as it also contains lactose, or carbohydrate and fat low levels of so easily digested.<br />
The volume of colostrum varies between 10 cc to 100 cc per day. This low volume provides a minimal load for the kidneys of immature infants. The main task of colostrum is to protect infants against infectious diseases other than as a nutrient.<br />
<br />
7. Due to drink a lot, not enough can be breastfed babies<br />
<br />
Most babies are not due to a lack of breastfeeding mothers can not produce as much milk the baby takes, but it is a baby who can not suck as much as it needs. Milk production is stimulated by the emptying of the breast. Milk produced in accordance with the needs of the baby. During the baby still needs breast milk, as long as it's also the mother's breasts will still produce milk. If the baby stops breast-feeding by sucking, the mother's breasts will stop producing milk.</div>Agung Riyantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13955237688229650297noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7037438263639940030.post-32922138580828452392011-11-16T10:53:00.000+07:002011-11-16T10:53:14.387+07:00The Dangers of Head Injuries<div style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif; text-align: justify;">The skull of the child is still elastic and have the ability to experience deformation, then the child's skull can absorb some of the energy of physical strength so that it can provide protection to the brain.<br />
<br />
Head injury in children is a cause of death and disability are high. In children with severe head injury ± 50% had neurology symptoms Sesa and ± 2% -5% a severe disability leave. Because the incidence of head injuries in children is high enough, it is necessary to early diagnosis, care, treatment and observe the course of the disease is key in preventing head injuries.<br />
<br />
Cause Head Injuries <br />
<br />
Scalp, hair, bones, skulls and bones of the face protect the brain from injury. When the injury with moderate pressure linear fracture can occur, but when with high strength can cause a depression fracture. Brain and skull respond differently to acceleration and deceleration forces caused by the blow.<br />
<br />
This type of injury that can cause damage to the head and brain tissue pressure varied from the lightest to traffic accidents. In children less than 4 years of head injuries are often caused by falls from a table, chairs, stairs, beds and others. Whereas in older children is often caused by riding a bike or traffic accidents.<br />
<br />
Some things to keep in the observations in terms of head injury, are:<br />
<br />
Vital functions<br />
Elevated blood pressure accompanied by irregular respiration (Cushing's triad) indicate a high intracranial pressure. Rapid pulse accompanied by hypo tension and irregular breathing may be caused by disorders of the brain stem functions such as the occipital fracture.<br />
<br />
Eye<br />
Large needs to be checked and the reaction of the pupil. Retinal hemorrhages are often seen on Sub arachnoid hemorrhage or subdural hemorrhage<br />
<br />
Head<br />
Examined whether there is injury, hematoma or fracture. If there is pain or stiffness in the neck or Sub arachnoid hemorrhage<br />
<br />
Ear and nose<br />
Examined whether there is bleeding or cerebrospinal fluid out of nose / ear. Bleeding ears accompanied ecchymoses in the mastoid region (Battle's sign) may be due to fracture the cranial base.<br />
<br />
Abdomen<br />
The abdomen should also be checked against the possibility of intra-abdominal hemorrhage. </div>Agung Riyantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13955237688229650297noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7037438263639940030.post-54612072618559454012011-11-14T11:53:00.000+07:002011-11-14T11:53:35.972+07:00The Beginning of Science of Psychology<div style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif; text-align: justify;">Seen historically can be argued that the oldest science is science philosophy. Other sciences that belong in philosophy, and philosophy is the only science at that time. Therefore, the sciences are incorporated in the philosophy will be influenced by the nature of philosophy, as does psychology. <br />
<br />
Eventually, it was realized that philosophy as the only science is less able to meet human needs. It is recognized that matters relating to life is no longer enough simply explained by philosophy. At the time of psychology is still affiliated with the philosophy, rationale thinking in line with the development of science in the days before the Renaissance, namely, as the only science is less able to meet human needs. <br />
<br />
Since the beginning of growth until the mid-19th century, more psychology developed by thinkers and philosophers, which underlies the lack of observations on concrete facts. They are more trusting of philosophical thinking and considerations of abstract and speculative. Theories that they create more based on personal experience and understanding at a glance. Therefore, it is understandable that the psychology of the time are less credible. <br />
<br />
In a further development of psychology, felt the need to use other methods, to ensure objectivity as a science, ie using the "empirical". Empirical methods rely on: experience, observation, and experimental (empirical, empiria, which means the experience and observation), where this is in line with the findings of modern science that has been initiated in the Renaissance. <br />
<br />
Renaissance (14-17 M) instill a strong influence for the development of modern science that shows several things, such as: <br />
observations, the removal of all the things that are not included in the observed events, idealization, the preparation of a speculative theory of events such, forecasting, measurement and experiments to test the theory based on mathematical predictions. <br />
<br />
<span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"><span class="hps">With</span> <span class="hps">this development</span>, the <span class="hps">psychology</span> <span class="hps">that had been</span> <span class="hps">transformed</span> <span class="hps">into</span> <span class="hps">a psychological</span> <span class="hps">conception of the philosophic</span> <span class="hps">nature</span> <span class="hps">is</span> <span class="hps">empirical</span>. <span class="hps">In this case</span>, <span class="hps">even</span> <span class="hps">psychology</span> <span class="hps">eventually</span> <span class="hps">broke away</span> <span class="hps">from philosophy</span>, <span class="hps">psychology</span> <span class="hps">but</span> <span class="hps">still</span> <span class="hps">has a</span> <span class="hps">relationship</span> <span class="hps">with philosophy,</span> <span class="hps">even</span> <span class="hps">the sciences that</span> <span class="hps">have</span> <span class="hps">split off</span> <span class="hps">from</span> <span class="hps">philosophy</span> <span class="hps">was</span> <span class="hps">still there</span> <span class="hps">a relationship</span> <span class="hps">with philosophy</span>, <span class="hps">especially</span> <span class="hps">philosophy of science</span>, <span class="hps">especially</span> <span class="hps">on matters</span> <span class="hps">that</span> <span class="hps">concerning</span> <span class="hps">the nature</span>, <span class="hps">nature</span>, <span class="hps">and purpose</span> <span class="hps">of</span> <span class="hps">science.</span></span><br />
<br />
Thus, it will be analyzed more about the actuality of philosophy of science in the development of science as the basis for his philosophy, particularly psychology. Both in terms of ontology, epistemology and its axiology. </div>Agung Riyantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13955237688229650297noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7037438263639940030.post-89313050788326423612011-11-11T11:16:00.000+07:002011-11-11T11:16:51.869+07:00Beware of Toxic materials<div style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif; text-align: justify;">In today's modern industrial era increase in the use of chemicals is inevitable. Correspondingly the number of illnesses caused by these chemicals (also called the work of disease) also increases. This is especially true in industries where the means of salvation work of employees is inadequate.<br />
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Chemicals (toxic materials) that are used or produced by an industry can be a gas, solid, liquid does not evaporate, and volatile. These toxic materials can cause diseases of the skin, eyes, internal organs and digestive tract where the mouth is a part.<br />
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The oral cavity is the entrance of food into the body. If the oral cavity have a disease then by itself the amount of food that enters the body is reduced. This will cause a weakened physical condition resulting in employees working ability is reduced, so that industry production capacity is also reduced. The ability of an industry is measured by production capacity, then it is proper oral diseases in addition to other work because of illness should receive attention.<br />
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There is often an employee of an industry to come for treatment to dentists with symptoms of diseases of the oral cavity. Once treated, the disease was not cured or healed although relapse repeatedly. This can happen because as dentists forget to ask about the type of work the employee.<br />
<br />
An oral cavity diseases that repeatedly suffered by the employee, the employee can occur due to continuous contact with a type of toxic material used in the industries in which the employee works. In this paper outlined some oral diseases caused by several types of toxic materials.</div>Agung Riyantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13955237688229650297noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7037438263639940030.post-27702850891195711242011-11-09T09:52:00.000+07:002011-11-09T09:52:28.625+07:00Atopic Dermatitis<div style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif; text-align: justify;">Atopic dermatitis is one health problem, especially in infants and children, because of its chronic recidivist, so it can affect the quality of life of patients. Atopic dermatitis is most common in infants, but can also in children and adults. In most patients, <br />
<br />
Atopic dermatitis is the first clinical manifestation of atopy, and many of them later will develop asthma and allergic rhinitis. Although genetic predisposition is one of the most important risk factor, but the increasing prevalence of atopic dermatitis in industrialized countries suggests that environmental factors (exposure to microbes and nutrients) also have an important role. </div><div style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif; text-align: justify;">The etiology of atopic dermatitis is not definitely known, but the atopic dermatitis is due to the interaction between genetic, environmental, skin barrier effects and immune system. The main symptom of atopic dermatitis is itching. Itching is a major problem during sleep, when conscious control of scratching is lost. For infants, atopic dermatitis can lead to unhappy circumstances and disrupted by irritation in the area of skin accompanied by intense itching, scratching, until the occurrence of infection. All this can make the baby becomes fussy, feeding process to be disrupted, and ultimately will affect the growth process. <br />
<br />
There is no total cure for atopic dermatitis, but the symptoms tend to diminish with the passage of age. Of all infants with atopic dermatitis, only a third of cases still continue to experience disease recurrence until childhood. <br />
<br />
It is also found in those still suffering from atopic dermatitis in childhood, only about one-third of cases continued to adolescence. Most people experience periods of remission and periods of relapse of this disease for many years. <br />
<br />
Factors that can cause persistent atopic dermatitis, among others, a history of family members who suffer from atopic dermatitis, the picture is more widespread disease in early life and the presence of asthma or allergic rhinitis which occur simultaneously </div>Agung Riyantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13955237688229650297noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7037438263639940030.post-63042813450482763172011-11-07T10:58:00.000+07:002011-11-07T10:58:07.829+07:00The Prostitution<div style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; text-align: justify;">Prostitution is derived from the Latin "pro-stituere" / "pro-stauree", which means allowing ourselves commit adultery, do whoredom, fornication. <br />
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Prostitution is a "profession" of very old age, as old as human life itself. Namely in the form of uninhibited behavior without control and obscene, sexual appetite due to impingement with the opposite sex without knowing the limits of decency.<br />
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Apparently, in times past that prostitution has a connection with the worship of gods and certain religious ceremonies. Prostitution is not only tolerated, but also there are religious practices that lead to sin and lewd behavior is not different from prostitution. <br />
<br />
Prostitution is always there in all civilized countries, since time immemorial. And always be a social problem, or becomes the object of legal affairs and <br />
tradition. Further, with technological developments, industrial and human culture, prostitution is also co-evolved in various forms and levels. Prostitution is a form of social ills that are difficult to stop its spread.<br />
<br />
In many countries prostitution is forbidden, even penalties. Also regarded as an act of contempt by all members of society. However, since the first human society so that the world would end later, "livelihood" This prostitution will remain there; difficult, even almost could not possibly be eradicated from the face of the earth, as long as there are still sex lust out of control will and conscience. <br />
<br />
Harlots mostly in the cities, the traffic areas where tourists and cruise / spree, in which many visited the people who want to vacation, relax or travel. In general, in these places apply the principle of Tourism 4-S, namely Sea, Sun, Service and Sex. So to hold both men and women, organized prostitution practices; officially in brothels and specific locations, seeps or unofficially to hotels, guesthouses, lodgings and places of entertainment. </div>Agung Riyantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13955237688229650297noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7037438263639940030.post-48862521874475726052011-11-05T09:26:00.000+07:002011-11-05T09:26:15.436+07:00The Food Additives<div style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; text-align: justify;">Food additives are compounds (or a mixture of various compounds) are intentionally added to food and is involved in processing, packaging and / or storage, and is not a material (ingredient) key. Food additives and degradation products, usually remains in the food, but there are some who deliberately separated during processing. <br />
<br />
The addition of Food Additives generally aims to <br />
<br />
(1) improve the nutritional value of food, <br />
<br />
(2) improve the sensory value of food, <br />
<br />
(3) extend the shelf life (shelf life) food. <br />
<br />
Additional ingredients such as vitamins, minerals, or amino acids are usually added to improve and / or increase the nutritional value of a food. Many foods are enriched or fortified with vitamins to restore vitamins lost during processing, such as the addition of B vitamin to flour, or the addition of vitamin A into milk. Iron minerals added to enrich the nutritional value of food, mainly because of the iron in food generally has a bio availability low. <br />
<br />
Color, odor, and consistency / texture of a food can be changed or reduced due to processing and storage. This can be improved by the addition of Food Additives as dyes, color-forming compounds, confirmation flavors, thickeners, stabilizers, and others. Formation of a distorted smell (off flavor) on fat products can be prevented by the addition of antioxidants. Texture of food can be improved by the addition of minerals, emulsifiers, thickeners and / or stabilizers such as monoglycerides, hydro colloid, and others. <br />
<br />
Food processing lately have a tendency to produce food that is a long shelf life (durable) and easy to prepare (convenient). It is driven by factors such as material properties of fresh food that is generally easily damaged (perishable) and seasonal, as well as the lifestyle that want things easy and fast. To get such food, one of the businesses that use is to add a preservative, both to prevent the growth of microbes and to prevent the occurrence of chemical reactions that are not desired during processing and storage. <br />
<br />
Food Additives is often used to produce food for special groups such as diabetics, patients who had undergone surgery, those who run a low-calorie diets or low-fat, and so on. Various Food Additives used for this purpose include artificial sweeteners, fat substitutes, thickeners, and others. </div>Agung Riyantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13955237688229650297noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7037438263639940030.post-11759921270896019692011-11-04T09:39:00.000+07:002011-11-04T09:39:38.023+07:00Mycobacterium Leprae causes Leprosy<div style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; text-align: justify;">Leprosy is an infectious disease that can cause various problems are very complex and extensive, which posed problems not only in terms of the medical course, but may extend up to the problems of economic, social, cultural, security, and resilience of social and psychological problems.<br />
<br />
Problems of self in people with leprosy in general feel inferior, feel depressed mind, afraid of the family and the surrounding communities, so people tend to live alone, apathy (indifference), being dependent on others, loss of role in the community (isolated), loss of income or job, do not want the school (children), reluctant to seek treatment because of shame on the surrounding community. </div><div style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; text-align: justify;"></div><div style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; text-align: justify;">In addition to causing problems for sufferers, leprosy disease also poses a problem for families and communities around the lepers, namely the behavior of family and society that tends to exclude or remove leprosy sufferers, causing stress on the leper. Under these conditions it can slow the healing of lepers.<br />
<br />
Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by germs of leprosy (Mycobacterium leprae) that attacks the nervous edge, skin and other tissue growth.<br />
<br />
The cause of leprosy is leprosy germs, which are rod-shaped with a length of 1-8 mic, width 0.2 to 0.5 mic is usually scattered in groups and there is one-one, live in cells and are resistant to acid.<br />
<br />
The period is divided self leprosy germs need a very long compared with other bacteria, ie 12-21 days. This is one of the causes of the long shoots of an average of 2-5 years.<br />
<br />
The Transmission<br />
<br />
Leprosy can be transmitted from the type of leprosy Multi bacillary (MB) to others by way of direct transmission. Exact mode of transmission is unknown, but most experts believe that leprosy can be transmitted through the respiratory system and skin.<br />
<br />
Incidence of leprosy is not easy for a person, and not to be feared depends on several factors, among others:<br />
<br />
1. Sources Transmission factors:<br />
Source of infection is the type of MB leprosy patients. Patients with MB leprosy even this will not pass, if the medication regularly.<br />
<br />
2. Leprosy Germs factors:<br />
Leprosy germs can live outside the human body between 1-9 days depending on temperature or weather, and is known only leprosy germs are intact (solid) alone can lead to infection.<br />
<br />
3. Body Endurance Factor:<br />
Most humans are immune to leprosy (95%).</div>Agung Riyantohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13955237688229650297noreply@blogger.com0